The Paraguayan Chaco is characterized by water deficit and flooding phenomena that affect the quality of life of its inhabitants and their economic activities. The thriving migration to urban spaces in the area, pulled by economic growth, requires increasingly innovative solutions to ensure availability and access to water. The purpose of this guidebook is to contribute to the study and analysis of problems related to the management of water resources in the Chaco, as well as to provide solutions from a scientific and pragmatic perspective. It proposes a didactic perspective on relevant issues for water management based on a wide range of adaptive experiences analyzed in the region and the work carried out with the population settled in the western territory. The guidebook advocates that sustainable development in the Chaco will only be possible with in-depth knowledge of water resource management.